Quarterly Studies in Banking Management and Islamic Banking

Abstract The proliferation of automated systems and the emergence of a new generation of artificial intelligence, commonly referred to as agentic artificial intelligence, have fundamentally transformed traditional models of decision-making and interaction between banks and their customers. Endowed with capacities for autonomous agency, goal-oriented decision-making, and continuous learning, these systems are playing an increasingly central role in processes such as credit scoring, fraud detection, risk management, and the provision of digital financial services. However, delegating sensitive and rights-affecting decisions to agentic systems has generated novel legal challenges concerning liability, attribution of decisions, procedural transparency, and institutional accountability. Adopting an analytical and legal-regulatory approach, this study examines the implications of deploying automated systems and agentic artificial intelligence for the protection of banking customers’ rights. To this end, it first elucidates the distinctive characteristics of agentic AI and its impact on the architecture of banking decision-making. Next, it analyzes the principal liability-related challenges arising from automated decisions, including ambiguity in the attribution of responsibility, the erosion of traditional fault-based concepts, diminished decision transparency, and constraints on the effective right to contest adverse outcomes. Drawing on a four-layer analytical framework and a review of international regulatory developments and policy instruments, the study identifies the regulatory requirements necessary to safeguard banking customer rights. The findings show that without a focus on institutional bank responsibility, risk-based regulation, process transparency, and meaningful human oversight, existing legal frameworks are unable to effectively respond to the challenges posed by proactive AI. Finally, pathways for developing adaptive and responsible regulation in digital banking are suggested.

Abstract The development of technology has always been associated with positive effects and has significantly improved the quality of life of users. The banking industry is also inevitably affected by this development. Despite such problems as some low-speed services, a small variety of products and services, and the immense cost of providing banking services, it seems that in order to improve performance and reduce costs, it is vital to make more use of emerging financial technologies. This study, spanning from 2016 to 2020 and using the generalized method of moments, investigated the effects of the emergence of new financial technologies in banks. These technologies involve the new generation mobile applications (CDA), the open banking project (FT), the ratio of accumulated profit to income (BM), and the volume of non-performing loans (NPL) on profitability indicators such as return on equity before tax (RE) and return on assets before tax (RA). The investigation took into account both state and private banks. The results indicate that the change in the ratio of accumulated profit/loss to the total assets, the change in the use of new generation mobile application services by customers, and the time when banks started working with open banking platforms have a positive effect on the profitability index of state and private banks. The findings also show that the ratio of non- non-performing loans have a negative impact on this index. In addition, the impact of customers' use of the new generation of mobile application services and the time when banks started working with open banking platforms were greater in private banks compared to state banks

Abstract The present study investigates the effect of efficiency and diffusion of innovation theories on customers’ beliefs in the acceptance of digital banking. The present study is practical in terms of purpose since it analyzes the current status of research variables using past data collection. It is a survey study in terms of the data collection method and descriptive-casual in terms of implementation. To find the answers to the questions of the research, data from 197 distributed questionnaires were analyzed using Smart PLS software. Findings stated that efficiency-based beliefs have a positive and significant effect on the acceptance of digital banking, and also the diffusion of innovation theory has no significant effect on the acceptance of digital banking.